A common framework for creative thinking processes is describe by Torrance (1979). According to him, there are four aspects that describe creative thinking.1.) Fluency- refers to the production of a great number of ideas or alternate solutions to a problem. Fluency implies understanding, not just remembering information that is learned.2.) Flexibility- refers to the production of ideas that show a variety of possibilities or realms of thought. It involves the ability to use things from different points of view, to use many different approaches or strategies.3.) Elaboration- is the process of enhancing ideas by providing more details. Additional detail and clarity improves interest in, and understanding of the topic.4.) Originality- involves the production of ideas that are unique or unusual. It involves synthesis or putting information about a topic back together in a new way.
One of the idea of Ausubel's theory, is the use of advance organizers. Advance organizer is a major instructional tool proposed by Ausubel. The advance organizers, gives us two benefits:1.) We will find it easier to connect new information with what you already know about the topic, and 2.) we can readily see how the concepts in a certain are related to each other.There are four types ofadvance organizers. These sre the following;1.) Expository- describes the new content.2.) Narrative- presents the new information in the form of a story to students.3.) Skimming- is done by looking once the new material to gain a basic overview.4.) Graphic organizer- visuals to set up or outline the new information. This may include photograph, descriptive patterns, concept patterns, and concept maps.
There are three types of domain stated in Bloom's Taxonomy Book. These are the ff;- Cognitive Domain (Bloom, 1956) that involves knowledge and the development of intellectual skills.
- Affective Domain (Krathwohl, Bloom, Masia, 1973) that includes the manner in which we deal with things emotionally, such as feelings, values, appreciation, enthusiasms, motivations, and attitudes. The five major categories are listed from the simplest behavior to the most complex:
- Psychomotor Domain (Simpson, 1972) includes physical movement, coordination, and use of the motor-skill areas. Development of these skills requires practice and is measured in terms of speed, precision, distance, procedures, or techniques in execution. The seven major categories are listed from the simplest behavior to the most complex:
Last Monday, August23 2010, during our online class in Educational Technology 1, we made a comment about meaningful learning. I found out that, there are four components of a meaningful learning. And these are the following; - ENVIRONMENT- This emphasizes the teacher-student relationship and helping the students to succeed.
- EXPERIENCE
- MEANING- In here, it has been emphasized, that a teacher should make the meaning more personal, in order for the students to understand and relate the learnings that they learned in their real-world.
- MOTIVATION- This is the most important component among the four. Because this will be the major factor in developing and improving the eagerness,willingness and interest of a learner to learn.
Education is one of the major institutions that constitute society. There are various various social science theories that relate to education. These are; consensus, conflict, structural functionalist and interactionist theories. Conflict theory deals with the emergence of conflict within a particular human society while consensus is seen as the equilibrium state of society based on a general or widespread agreement among all members of a particular society. The consensus and conflict theories are reflected in the works of certain dominant social theorist such as Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber and other social theorist. Structural functionalism is concerned with the functions of schooling in the maintenance of social order. It asserts the society is made up of different institutions or organizations that work together in cooperation to achieve orderly relationship and to maintain social order and social stability. Symbolic interactionist are interested not simply in socialization but in interactions between students and students and between students and teachers. All types of interactions refine our ability to think.
In the theory of Information Process, I found out that our cognitive process ans a computer have commonalities. They are common or the same on how they function. Like a computer, our cognitive process can receive, store, and retrieve information's.
They also have differences. They differ in storage capacity and duration of the received in formations. Unlike computer, the received information's can be stored for a long tome until we needed it again, while the storage of information's in the human cognitive process is limited due to the forgetting issue. Most of the received information's , especially if not properly encoded will be forgotten.
There are four pillars of education. Through these so called pillars of education, we can create learning opportunities. What are these four pillars?
The four pillars are the following;- Learning to know, that is acquiring the instruments of understanding;
- Learning to do, so as to be able to act creatively in one's environment;
- Learning to live together, so as to participate in and cooperate with other people in all human activities;and
- Learning to be, so as to be better develop one's personality and to act with ever greater autonomy, judgment and personal responsibility.
